RegulonDB RegulonDB 10.10: Gene Form
   

proP gene in Escherichia coli K-12 genome


Gene local context to scale (view description)

proP rdcB pmrR basS rdcA Fis Fis CRP CRP TSS_4918 TSS_4918 TSS_4917 TSS_4917 TSS_4916 TSS_4916 TSS_4915 TSS_4915 TSS_4914 TSS_4914 proPp2 proPp2 TSS_4913 TSS_4913 TSS_4912 TSS_4912 proPp1 proPp1 TSS_4910 TSS_4910

Gene      
Name: proP    Texpresso search in the literature
Synonym(s): ECK4104, EG11612, b4111
Genome position(nucleotides): 4330502 --> 4332004 Genome Browser
Strand: forward
Sequence: Get nucleotide sequence FastaFormat
GC content %:  
 50.43
External database links:  
ASAP:
 ABE-0013462
CGSC:
 361
ECHOBASE:
 EB1569
ECOLIHUB:
 proP
OU-MICROARRAY:
 b4111
STRING:
 511145.b4111
COLOMBOS: proP


Product      
Name: osmolyte:H+ symporter ProP
Synonym(s): ProP, ProP proline/betaine MFS transporter, proline permease II, proline porter II
Sequence: Get amino acid sequence Fasta Format
Cellular location: inner membrane
Molecular weight: 54.846
Isoelectric point: 7.278
Motif(s):
 
Type Positions Sequence
66 -> 86 VAALATFSVPFLIRPLGGLFF
98 -> 118 ILAITIVIMSISTFCIGLIPS
261 -> 281 LLTCIGLVIATNVTYYMLLTY
391 -> 411 AAFNISVLVAGLTPTLAAWLV
28 -> 448 TAASLGNAMEWFDFGVYGFVAYALGKVFFPGADPSVQMVAALATFSVPFLIRPLGGLFFGMLGDKYGRQKILAITIVIMSISTFCIGLIPSYDTIGIWAPILLLICKMAQGFSVGGEYTGASIFVAEYSPDRKRGFMGSWLDFGSIAGFVLGAGVVVLISTIVGEANFLDWGWRIPFFIALPLGIIGLYLRHALEETPAFQQHVDKLEQGDREGLQDGPKVSFKEIATKYWRSLLTCIGLVIATNVTYYMLLTYMPSYLSHNLHYSEDHGVLIIIAIMIGMLFVQPVMGLLSDRFGRRPFVLLGSVALFVLAIPAFILINSNVIGLIFAGLLMLAVILNCFTGVMASTLPAMFPTHIRYSALAAAFNISVLVAGLTPTLAAWLVESSQNLMMPAYYLMVVAVVGLITGVTMKETANRPLKG

 
Classification:
Multifun Terms (GenProtEC)  
  4 - transport --> 4.2 - Electrochemical potential driven transporters --> 4.2.A - Porters (Uni-, Sym- and Antiporters)
  5 - cell processes --> 5.5 - adaptations --> 5.5.1 - osmotic pressure
  6 - cell structure --> 6.1 - membrane
Gene Ontology Terms (GO)  
cellular_component GO:0016020 - membrane
GO:0005886 - plasma membrane
GO:0005887 - integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0016021 - integral component of membrane
molecular_function GO:0005515 - protein binding
GO:0015293 - symporter activity
GO:0022857 - transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0042803 - protein homodimerization activity
GO:0005297 - proline:proton symporter activity
biological_process GO:0071475 - cellular hyperosmotic salinity response
GO:1905647 - proline import across plasma membrane
GO:0006865 - amino acid transport
GO:0007231 - osmosensory signaling pathway
GO:0055085 - transmembrane transport
GO:0071474 - cellular hyperosmotic response
GO:0031460 - glycine betaine transport
GO:1902600 - proton transmembrane transport
Note(s): Note(s): ...[more].
Reference(s): [1] Aiyar SE., et al., 2002
[2] Buurman ET., et al., 2004
[3] Culham DE., et al., 2003
[4] Culham DE., et al., 2003
[5] Culham DE., et al., 2012
[6] Culham DE., et al., 2016
[7] Dinnbier U., et al., 1988
[8] Eguchi Y., et al., 2004
[9] Gauthier MJ., et al., 1990
[10] Gordon GC., et al., 2017
[11] Hillar A., et al., 2003
[12] Keates RA., et al., 2010
[13] May G., et al., 1986
[14] McLeod SM., et al., 2002
[15] Phadtare S., et al., 2001
[16] Racher KI., et al., 2001
[17] Randall K., et al., 1995
[18] Sayeed WM., et al., 2009
[19] Wood JM., et al., 1980
[20] Xu Y., et al., 2017
External database links:  
ECOCYC:
 PROP-MONOMER
ECOLIWIKI:
 b4111
INTERPRO:
 IPR036292
INTERPRO:
 IPR036259
INTERPRO:
 IPR020846
INTERPRO:
 IPR015041
INTERPRO:
 IPR005829
INTERPRO:
 IPR005828
INTERPRO:
 IPR004736
MODBASE:
 P0C0L7
PDB:
 1r48
PDB:
 1Y8S
PFAM:
 PF00083
PFAM:
 PF08946
PRIDE:
 P0C0L7
PRODB:
 PRO_000023599
PROSITE:
 PS50850
PROSITE:
 PS00216
REFSEQ:
 NP_418535
SMR:
 P0C0L7
UNIPROT:
 P0C0L7


Operon      
Name: proP         
Operon arrangement:
Transcription unit        Promoter
proP
proP


Transcriptional Regulation      
Display Regulation             
Activated by: CRP, Fis
Repressed by: CRP


Elements in the selected gene context region unrelated to any object in RegulonDB      

  Type Name Post Left Post Right Strand Notes Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) References
  promoter TSS_4910 4329587 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4912 4330352 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4913 4330392 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4914 4330838 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4915 4330987 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4916 4331343 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4917 4331353 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]
  promoter TSS_4918 4331355 forward nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [21]


Evidence    

 [RS-EPT-CBR] RNA-seq using two enrichment strategies for primary transcripts and consistent biological replicates


Reference(s)    

 [1] Aiyar SE., McLeod SM., Ross W., Hirvonen CA., Thomas MS., Johnson RC., Gourse RL., 2002, Architecture of Fis-activated transcription complexes at the Escherichia coli rrnB P1 and rrnE P1 promoters., J Mol Biol 316(3):501-16

 [2] Buurman ET., McLaggan D., Naprstek J., Epstein W., 2004, Multiple paths for nonphysiological transport of K+ in Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 186(13):4238-45

 [3] Culham DE., Henderson J., Crane RA., Wood JM., 2003, Osmosensor ProP of Escherichia coli responds to the concentration, chemistry, and molecular size of osmolytes in the proteoliposome lumen., Biochemistry 42(2):410-20

 [4] Culham DE., Hillar A., Henderson J., Ly A., Vernikovska YI., Racher KI., Boggs JM., Wood JM., 2003, Creation of a fully functional cysteine-less variant of osmosensor and proton-osmoprotectant symporter ProP from Escherichia coli and its application to assess the transporter's membrane orientation., Biochemistry 42(40):11815-23

 [5] Culham DE., Meinecke M., Wood JM., 2012, Impacts of the osmolality and the lumenal ionic strength on osmosensory transporter ProP in proteoliposomes., J Biol Chem 287(33):27813-22

 [6] Culham DE., Shkel IA., Record MT., Wood JM., 2016, Contributions of Coulombic and Hofmeister Effects to the Osmotic Activation of Escherichia coli Transporter ProP., Biochemistry 55(9):1301-13

 [7] Dinnbier U., Limpinsel E., Schmid R., Bakker EP., 1988, Transient accumulation of potassium glutamate and its replacement by trehalose during adaptation of growing cells of Escherichia coli K-12 to elevated sodium chloride concentrations., Arch Microbiol 150(4):348-57

 [8] Eguchi Y., Okada T., Minagawa S., Oshima T., Mori H., Yamamoto K., Ishihama A., Utsumi R., 2004, Signal transduction cascade between EvgA/EvgS and PhoP/PhoQ two-component systems of Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 186(10):3006-14

 [9] Gauthier MJ., Le Rudulier D., 1990, Survival in seawater of Escherichia coli cells grown in marine sediments containing glycine betaine., Appl Environ Microbiol 56(9):2915-8

 [10] Gordon GC., Cameron JC., Pfleger BF., 2017, RNA Sequencing Identifies New RNase III Cleavage Sites in Escherichia coli and Reveals Increased Regulation of mRNA., MBio 8(2)

 [11] Hillar A., Tripet B., Zoetewey D., Wood JM., Hodges RS., Boggs JM., 2003, Detection of alpha-helical coiled-coil dimer formation by spin-labeled synthetic peptides: a model parallel coiled-coil peptide and the antiparallel coiled coil formed by a replica of the ProP C-terminus., Biochemistry 42(51):15170-8

 [12] Keates RA., Culham DE., Vernikovska YI., Zuiani AJ., Boggs JM., Wood JM., 2010, Transmembrane helix I and periplasmic loop 1 of Escherichia coli ProP are involved in osmosensing and osmoprotectant transport., Biochemistry 49(41):8847-56

 [13] May G., Faatz E., Villarejo M., Bremer E., 1986, Binding protein dependent transport of glycine betaine and its osmotic regulation in Escherichia coli K12., Mol Gen Genet 205(2):225-33

 [14] McLeod SM., Aiyar SE., Gourse RL., Johnson RC., 2002, The C-terminal domains of the RNA polymerase alpha subunits: contact site with Fis and localization during co-activation with CRP at the Escherichia coli proP P2 promoter., J Mol Biol 316(3):517-29

 [15] Phadtare S., Inouye M., 2001, Role of CspC and CspE in regulation of expression of RpoS and UspA, the stress response proteins in Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 183(4):1205-14

 [16] Racher KI., Culham DE., Wood JM., 2001, Requirements for osmosensing and osmotic activation of transporter ProP from Escherichia coli., Biochemistry 40(24):7324-33

 [17] Randall K., Lever M., Peddie BA., Chambers ST., 1995, Competitive accumulation of betaines by Escherichia coli K-12 and derivative strains lacking betaine porters., Biochim Biophys Acta 1245(1):116-20

 [18] Sayeed WM., Baenziger JE., 2009, Structural characterization of the osmosensor ProP., Biochim Biophys Acta 1788(5):1108-15

 [19] Wood JM., Zadworny D., 1980, Amplification of the put genes and identification of the put gene products in Escherichia coli K12., Can J Biochem 58(10):787-96

 [20] Xu Y., Liu Y., Li F., Cao G., Zheng P., Sun J., Wen J., Zhang D., 2017, Identification of a new gene yecC involved in threonine export in Escherichia coli., FEMS Microbiol Lett 364(17)

 [21] Salgado H, Peralta-Gil M, Gama-Castro S, Santos-Zavaleta A, Muñiz-Rascado L, García-Sotelo JS, Weiss V, Solano-Lira H, Martínez-Flores I, Medina-Rivera A, Salgado-Osorio G, Alquicira-Hernández S, Alquicira-Hernández K, López-Fuentes A, Porrón-Sotelo L, Huerta AM, Bonavides-Martínez C, Balderas-Martínez YI, Pannier L, Olvera M, Labastida A, Jiménez-Jacinto V, Vega-Alvarado L, Del Moral-Chávez V, Hernández-Alvarez A, Morett E, Collado-Vides J., 2012, RegulonDB v8.0: omics data sets, evolutionary conservation, regulatory phrases, cross-validated gold standards and more., Nucleic Acids Res.

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