RegulonDB RegulonDB 10.8: Operon Form
   

gltA operon and associated TUs in Escherichia coli K-12 genome




Operon      
Name: gltA
This page displays every known transcription unit of this operon and their known regulation.


Transcription unit       
Name: gltA
Gene(s): gltA   Genome Browser M3D Gene expression COLOMBOS
Note(s): No readthrough transcription into a distal gene(s) was detected.
The expression of the gene gltA is decreased under acidic growth conditions in microaerobiosis but not in aerobiosis Marzan LW,2013
Evidence: [LTED] Length of transcript experimentally determined
Reference(s): [1] Cunningham L., et al., 1998
[2] Wilde RJ., et al., 1986
Promoter
Name: gltAp2
+1: 754670
Distance from start of the gene: 202
Sequence: agtgtggaagtattgaccaattcattcgggacagttattagtggtagacaagtttaataaTtcggattgctaagtacttga
Evidence: [HIPP]
[TIM]
Reference(s): [3] Lynch AS., et al., 1996
[4] Wood D., et al., 1984
Terminator(s)
Type: rho-independent
Sequence: ttaggcatatAAAAATCAACCCGCCATATGAACGGCGGGTTAAAATATttacaactta
Reference(s): [5] Bhayana V., et al., 1984


Transcription unit          
Name: gltA
Synonym(s): OP00147
Gene(s): gltA   Genome Browser M3D Gene expression COLOMBOS
Note(s): No readthrough transcription into a distal gene(s) was detected.
Under nitrogen-rich growth conditions, the expression of the gltA gene increased in mutants for two transcriptional regulators, Fnr and Fur. However, under nitrogen-limited growth conditions, gene expression was decreased. It is unknown if the effects of the transcriptional regulators act directly on gene expression; also, it is unknown which of the two promoters that transcribe the gene could be regulated by the regulators Kumar R,2011
The expression of the gene gltA is decreased under acidic growth conditions in microaerobiosis but not in aerobiosis Marzan LW,2013
gltA transcription is represed in the presence of glucose, suggesting that gltA can forgo complete carbon oxidation under nutrient-rich conditions Zheng D,2004. 3889909
Evidence: [LTED] Length of transcript experimentally determined
Reference(s): [1] Cunningham L., et al., 1998
[2] Wilde RJ., et al., 1986
Promoter
Name: gltAp1
+1: 754767
Sigma Factor: Sigma70 Sigmulon
Distance from start of the gene: 299
Sequence: aatcattcaacaaagttgttacaaacattaccaggaaaagcatataatgcgtaaaagttaTgaagtcggtatttcacctaa
                            -35                     -10     +1                   
Evidence: [TIM]
Reference(s): [1] Cunningham L., et al., 1998
[2] Wilde RJ., et al., 1986
Terminator(s)
Type: rho-independent
Sequence: ttaggcatatAAAAATCAACCCGCCATATGAACGGCGGGTTAAAATATttacaactta
Reference(s): [5] Bhayana V., et al., 1984
TF binding sites (TFBSs)
[ArcA,-] Phrase
Type Transcription factor Function Promoter Binding Sites Growth Conditions Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) Reference(s)
LeftPos RightPos Central Rel-Pos Sequence
proximal ArcA-Phosphorylated repressor gltAp1 754807 754821 -47.0 tgacaatcatTCAACAAAGTTGTTAcaaacattac nd [APIORCISFBSCS], [BCE], [CV(GEA)], [GEA] [3], [10], [11], [12], [13]
[CRP,+] Phrase
Type Transcription factor Function Promoter Binding Sites Growth Conditions Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) Reference(s)
LeftPos RightPos Central Rel-Pos Sequence
remote CRP-cAMP activator gltAp1 754864 754886 -107.5 gttttatcctGAACAGTGATCCAGGTCACGATAacaacattta nd [AIBSCS], [BCE], [CV(GEA)], [GEA] [1], [2], [3], [6], [7], [8], [9]
[IHF,+] Phrase
Type Transcription factor Function Promoter Binding Sites Growth Conditions Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) Reference(s)
LeftPos RightPos Central Rel-Pos Sequence
proximal IHF activator gltAp1 754831 754843 -70.0 tttaatttttAATCATCTAATTTgacaatcatt nd [AIBSCS], [BCE], [CV(GEA)], [GEA] [1], [2], [3]


RNA cis-regulatory element    
Regulation, transcriptional elongation  
Attenuator type: Translational
Strand: reverse
  Structure type Energy LeftPos RightPos Sequence (RNA-strand)
  terminator -12.2 754468 754515 cgaaggcaaaTTTAAGTTCCGGCAGTCTTACGCAATAAGGCGCTAAGGAGACCTTAAatggctgata
Notes: "The provided "Sequence" is that of the RNA strand, i.e. U's are shown instead of T's and regulators on the reverse strand will appear as the reverse complement of the sequence delimited by LeftPos-RigtPos"


Evidence    

 [HIPP] Human inference of promoter position

 [TIM] Transcription initiation mapping

 [APIORCISFBSCS] A person inferred or reviewed a computer inference of sequence function based on similarity to a consensus sequence.

 [BCE] Binding of cellular extracts

 [CV(GEA)] cross validation(GEA)

 [GEA] Gene expression analysis

 [AIBSCS] Automated inference based on similarity to consensus sequences


Reference(s)    

 [1] Cunningham L., Guest JR., 1998, Transcription and transcript processing in the sdhCDAB-sucABCD operon of Escherichia coli., Microbiology 144 ( Pt 8):2113-23

 [2] Wilde RJ., Guest JR., 1986, Transcript analysis of the citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase genes of Escherichia coli K12., J Gen Microbiol 132(12):3239-51

 [3] Lynch AS., Lin EC., 1996, Transcriptional control mediated by the ArcA two-component response regulator protein of Escherichia coli: characterization of DNA binding at target promoters., J Bacteriol 178(21):6238-49

 [4] Wood D., Darlison MG., Wilde RJ., Guest JR., 1984, Nucleotide sequence encoding the flavoprotein and hydrophobic subunits of the succinate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli., Biochem J 222(2):519-34

 [5] Bhayana V., Duckworth HW., 1984, Amino acid sequence of Escherichia coli citrate synthase., Biochemistry 23(13):2900-5

 [6] Surmann K., Stopp M., Worner S., Dhople VM., Volker U., Unden G., Hammer E., 2020, Fumarate dependent protein composition under aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions in Escherichia coli., J Proteomics 212:103583

 [7] Tsai MJ., Wang JR., Yang CD., Kao KC., Huang WL., Huang HY., Tseng CP., Huang HD., Ho SY., 2018, PredCRP: predicting and analysing the regulatory roles of CRP from its binding sites in Escherichia coli., Sci Rep 8(1):951

 [8] Zhang Z., Gosset G., Barabote R., Gonzalez CS., Cuevas WA., Saier MH., 2005, Functional interactions between the carbon and iron utilization regulators, Crp and Fur, in Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 187(3):980-90

 [9] Zheng D., Constantinidou C., Hobman JL., Minchin SD., 2004, Identification of the CRP regulon using in vitro and in vivo transcriptional profiling., Nucleic Acids Res 32(19):5874-93

 [10] Iuchi S., Matsuda Z., Fujiwara T., Lin EC., 1990, The arcB gene of Escherichia coli encodes a sensor-regulator protein for anaerobic repression of the arc modulon., Mol Microbiol 4(5):715-27

 [11] Park SJ., McCabe J., Turna J., Gunsalus RP., 1994, Regulation of the citrate synthase (gltA) gene of Escherichia coli in response to anaerobiosis and carbon supply: role of the arcA gene product., J Bacteriol 176(16):5086-92

 [12] Salmon KA., Hung SP., Steffen NR., Krupp R., Baldi P., Hatfield GW., Gunsalus RP., 2005, Global gene expression profiling in Escherichia coli K12: effects of oxygen availability and ArcA., J Biol Chem 280(15):15084-96

 [13] Shalel-Levanon S., San KY., Bennett GN., 2005, Effect of oxygen, and ArcA and FNR regulators on the expression of genes related to the electron transfer chain and the TCA cycle in Escherichia coli., Metab Eng 7(5-6):364-74

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