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CpxR DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator

Synonyms: CpxR-Phosphorylated, CpxR


Transcription factor      
TF conformation(s):
Name Conformation Type TF-Effector Interaction Type Apo/Holo Conformation Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) References
CpxR Non-Functional   Apo [BPP], [IPI] [1], [2], [3]
CpxR-Phosphorylated Functional Covalent Holo [BPP], [IPI] [1], [2], [3]
Evolutionary Family: OmpR
Sensing class: External-Two-component systems
Connectivity class: Local Regulator
Gene name: cpxR
  Genome position: 4104972-4105670
  Length: 699 bp / 232 aa
Operon name: cpxRA
TU(s) encoding the TF:
Transcription unit        Promoter
cpxRA
cpxRp


Regulon       
Regulated gene(s) acrD, aroG, bacA, baeR, baeS, bamE, cheA, cheW, cpxA, cpxP, cpxQ, cpxR, csgA, csgB, csgC, csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG, cyaR, degP, dgcZ, dsbA, dsbC, efeU_1, efeU_2, fabZ, ftnB, hha, kbp, ldtC, ldtD, lpxA, lpxD, marA, marB, marR, mdtA, mdtB, mdtC, mdtD, motA, motB, mscM, mzrA, ompC, ompF, ppiA, ppiD, psd, rdoA, rpoE, rpoH, rprA, rseA, rseB, rseC, sbmA, skp, slt, spy, tomB, tsr, ung, yaiW,
Read more >
Multifun term(s) of regulated gene(s) MultiFun Term (List of genes associated to the multifun term)
membrane (21)
Transcription related (13)
other (mechanical, nutritional, oxidative stress) (8)
chaperoning, repair (refolding) (7)
drug resistance/sensitivity (6)
Read more >
Regulated operon(s) acrD, aroG, bacA, bamA-skp-lpxD-fabZ-lpxAB-rnhB-dnaE, bamE, cpxPQ, cpxRA, csgBAC, csgDEFG, cyaR, degP, dgcZ, efeU_1U_2, ftnB, ldtC, ldtD, marRAB, mdtABCD-baeSR, motAB-cheAW, ompC, ompF, ppiA, ppiD, psd-mscM, rdoA-dsbA, rpoE-rseABC, rpoH, rprA, sbmA-yaiW, slt, spy, tomB-hha, tsr, ung, xerD-dsbC-recJ-prfB-lysS, yccA, yebE, yidQ, yqaE-kbp, yqjA-mzrA
First gene in the operon(s) acrD, aroG, bacA, bamE, cpxP, cpxR, csgB, csgD, cyaR, degP, dgcZ, dsbC, efeU_1, ftnB, ldtC, ldtD, marR, mdtA, motA, ompC, ompF, ppiA, ppiD, psd, rdoA, rpoE, rpoH, rprA, sbmA, skp, slt, spy, tomB, tsr, ung, yccA, yebE, yidQ, yqaE, yqaE, yqjA
Simple and complex regulons AcrR,CRP,CpxR,Cra,Fis,MarA,MarR,Rob,SoxS
BaeR,CpxR
BasR,CRP,CpxR,Cra,CsgD,FliZ,IHF,MlrA,MqsA,OmpR,RcdA,RcsB,RstA
BasR,CpxR,PdhR
CRP,CpxR
Read more >
Simple and complex regulatory phrases Regulatory phrase (List of promoters regulated by the phrase)
[CpxR,+](26)
[CpxR,-](10)


Transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) arrangements       

  Functional conformation Function Promoter Sigma factor Central Rel-Pos Distance to first Gene Genes Sequence
 LeftPos RightPos Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) References
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator acrDp2 Sigma54 -127.5 -172.5 acrD
ggagggtgagGAAAGTCAGTTAATGTAAtgcctcctac
 2587414 2587431 [BPP], [GEA], [IC] [4]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator acrDp2 Sigma54 -98.0 -143.0 acrD
tcctactgacCAAAGAATACTTGcacttaaggt
 2587446 2587458 [BPP], [IC] [4]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator acrDp2 Sigma54 -66.0 -111.0 acrD
ggttcagtatAAAAGGGCATGATAATTtacattaact
 2587476 2587492 [BPP], [GEA], [IC] [4]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator aroGp Sigma70 -38.0 -80.0 aroG
cgttcatagtGTAAAACCCCGTTTAcacattctga
 785546 785560 [BPP], [HIBSCS] [3]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator bacAp Sigma24 -292.0 -336.0 bacA
tgggataaccGTAAAGCGGCGAAAAgtgatgatgt
 3204460 3204474 [ICA] [5]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor bamEp Sigma24 11.0 -109.0 bamE
agagtaaacaGCAAAACGCCGTAAGaccggaaagc
 2753489 2753503 [ICA] [5]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator cpxPp Sigma70 -52.0 -87.0 cpxP, cpxQ
aatccatgacTTTACGTTGTTTTACaccccctgac
 4105726 4105740 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [1], [3], [6], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator cpxPp Sigma70 -32.0 -67.0 cpxP, cpxQ
tttacaccccCTGACGCATGTTTGCagcctgaatc
 4105746 4105760 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [6], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator cpxPp Sigma70 -5.0 -40.0 cpxP, cpxQ
agcctgaatcGTAAACTCTCTATCGTTGAatcgcgacag
 4105771 4105789 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [3], [6], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator cpxRp Sigma38 -67.0 -83.0 cpxR, cpxA
gattcaggctGCAAACATGCGTCAGggggtgtaaa
 4105746 4105760 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [6], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator cpxRp Sigma38 -47.0 -63.0 cpxR, cpxA
gtcagggggtGTAAAACAACGTAAAgtcatggatt
 4105726 4105740 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [1], [3], [6], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgBp Sigma38 -464.0 -556.0 csgB, csgA, csgC
gtgttaaacaTGTAACTAAATGTAActcgttatat
 1103388 1103402 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [8]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgBp Sigma38 -255.0 -347.0 csgB, csgA, csgC
cacacctccgTGGACAATTTTTTACtgcaaaaaga
 1103597 1103611 [HIBSCS] [5]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgBp Sigma38 8.0 -85.0 csgB, csgA, csgC
actttccatcGTAACGCAGCGTTAAcaaaatacag
 1103859 1103873 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [5], [8]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -186.0 -334.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
accgaaatatTTTTTATATGCATTAttagtaagtt
 1103523 1103537 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -178.0 -326.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
ttttttatatGCATTATTAGTAAgttatcacca
 1103516 1103528 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -166.0 -314.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
cattattagtAAGTTATCACCATTTgtatgatttt
 1103503 1103517 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -141.0 -289.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
gtatgattttTTAAAATTGTGCAATaaaaaccaaa
 1103478 1103492 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -129.5 -277.5 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
taaaattgtgCAATAAAAACCAAATGtacaactttt
 1103466 1103481 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -108.5 -256.5 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
aatgtacaacTTTTCTATCATTTCtaaacttaat
 1103446 1103459 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -100.0 -248.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
acttttctatCATTTCTAAACTTAAtaaaacctta
 1103437 1103451 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9], [10]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -95.5 -243.5 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
tctatcatttCTAAACTTAATAAAaccttaaggt
 1103433 1103446 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -73.5 -221.5 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
aaaccttaagGTTAACATTTTAATataacgagtt
 1103411 1103424 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -52.0 -200.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
aatataacgaGTTACATTTAGTTACatgtttaaca
 1103389 1103403 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [8], [10]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -48.0 -196.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
taacgagttaCATTTAGTTACATGTttaacacttg
 1103385 1103399 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [10]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -43.0 -191.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
agttacatttAGTTACATGTTTAACacttgattta
 1103380 1103394 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 -21.5 -169.5 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
aacacttgatTTAAGATTTGTAATggctagattg
 1103359 1103372 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [9], [10]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor csgDp1 Sigma38 3.0 -146.0 csgD, csgE, csgF, csgG
tggctagattGAAATCAGATGTAATccattagttt
 1103335 1103349 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [10]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor cyaRp Sigma24 nd nd cyaR
nd
 nd nd [BPP], [GEA] [11]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator degPp Sigma24 -223.0 -262.0 degP
gaggctgtcaGTAAATTACCGTCAGattctcctga
 180615 180629 [BPP], [GEA] [1], [12]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator degPp Sigma24 -71.5 -110.5 degP
ccaggcttttGTAAAGACGAACAATAAAtttttacctt
 180765 180782 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [1], [3], [12]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator degPp Sigma24 -63.0 -102.0 degP
gtaaagacgaACAATAAATTTTTACcttttgcaga
 180775 180789 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [1], [12]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator dgcZp Sigma70 -41.0 -70.0 dgcZ
acttcggattTCTATGAAAATATTGACgtaattttgc
 1623912 1623928 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [3], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator dsbCp Sigma24 -391.5 -403.5 dsbC
cgggtcattgGTAAAGGCAACAAAgagcgtctgg
 3039219 3039232 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [13]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator dsbCp Sigma24 -357.5 -369.0 dsbC
tgccgttaggTGAAGAGGCGGTTTActggctggaa
 3039184 3039198 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [13]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor efeU_1p Sigma70 -54.5 -103.5 efeU_1, efeU_2
ccaacatcatTTTATAAACATTCCgcttgtgttt
 1081246 1081259 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [3], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ftnBp2 Sigma70 -61.0 -187.0 ftnB
tcaatgaaatGTAAAAATATATAAActtgatgatt
 1986731 1986745 [BPP], [HIBSCS] [3]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator hlpAp Sigma24 -101.0 -128.0 skp, lpxD, fabZ, lpxA
tttaacatcgGTAAAACCTGGTAAGtgttctccac
 200347 200361 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [13]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ldtDp nd -192.0 -308.0 ldtD
gatttgcgccGCAACTCCCTGAAACgcttccagga
 980732 980746 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [7], [14]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator marRp Sigma70 -29.0 -56.0 marR, marA, marB
attcattcatTTGACTTATACTTGCctgggcaata
 1619057 1619071 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [15]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator mdtAp Sigma38 -128.5 -165.5 mdtA, mdtB, mdtC, mdtD, baeS, baeR
cagtctatcgCTAACGCGTAGATAAAatagtttcct
 2153843 2153858 [BPP], [GEA], [IC] [4]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator mdtAp Sigma38 -66.5 -103.5 mdtA, mdtB, mdtC, mdtD, baeS, baeR
atgtgcccgtCATTCAGACGATTCcagacagtgt
 2153906 2153919 [BPP], [GEA], [IC] [4]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor motAp Sigma28 -37.0 -200.0 motA, motB, cheA, cheW
atcccgggcaGTAAAAAGACGTAAActttcccaga
 1977332 1977346 [BPP], [GEA] [5], [6]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ompCp1 Sigma70 -351.0 -432.0 ompC
tgaaaagtgtGTAAAGAAGGGTAAAaaaaaccgaa
 2313174 2313188 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ompCp1 Sigma70 -134.0 -215.0 ompC
atgttaggtgCTTATTTCGCCATTCcgcaataatc
 2312957 2312971 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ompCp1 Sigma70 -95.0 -176.0 ompC
agttcccttgCATTTACATTTtgaaacatct
 2312920 2312930 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor ompFp Sigma38 -429.5 -539.5 ompF
tttctgtcaaGTTATCTGTTTGTTAAgtcaagcaat
 987514 987529 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [7], [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor ompFp Sigma38 -373.0 -483.0 ompF
cgatcatcctGTTACGGAATATTACattgcaacat
 987458 987472 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [7], [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor ompFp Sigma38 -93.0 -203.0 ompF
ttccttaaatTTTACTTTTGGTTACatattttttc
 987178 987192 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [7], [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor ompFp Sigma38 -68.5 -178.5 ompF
catattttttCTTTTTGAAACCAAATctttatcttt
 987153 987168 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA] [7], [16]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ppiAp1 Sigma70 -47.0 -85.0 ppiA
tttcagatacGTAAAATTAGGTAAAgggatggcct
 3492375 3492389 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [1], [3], [17]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ppiDp2 Sigma70 -165.0 -261.0 ppiD
ccgcagaccgGTAAAGAGATCACCAtcgctgctgc
 461647 461661 [HIBSCS], [SM] [18]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ppiDp2 Sigma70 -117.0 -213.0 ppiD
ttccgtgcagGTAAAGCACTGAAAGacgcggtaaa
 461695 461709 [HIBSCS], [SM] [18]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ppiDp2 Sigma70 -96.5 -192.5 ppiD
gaaagacgcgGTAAACTAAGCGTTGTccccagtggg
 461715 461730 [HIBSCS], [SM] [18]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor psdp Sigma24 151.0 -128.0 psd, mscM
catggcgcagGTAAAAACGCGTAAAaacttttctg
 4390481 4390495 [ICA] [5]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator rdoAp Sigma70 -49.0 -73.0 rdoA, dsbA
taattaaagaGTAAAAGCTTGTAAGcggcgccacc
 4042335 4042349 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [1], [3], [19]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor rpoEp1a nd 67.0 -108.0 rpoE, rseA, rseB, rseC
aaacagatgcGTTACGGAACTTTACaaaaacgaga
 2710113 2710127 [AIBSCS], [GEA] [5]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator rpoHp1 Sigma70 nd nd rpoH
nd
 nd nd [GEA] [20]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator rprAp nd nd nd rprA
nd
 nd nd [BPP], [GEA] [11]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator sbmAp Sigma24 nd nd sbmA, yaiW
nd
 nd nd [AIBSCS], [GEA] [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator sltp7 Sigma32 -52.0 -85.0 slt
aaaagtgtccGTAACGTGGCGTAAAcggcaatgac
 4630641 4630655 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS], [IGI] [7], [14]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator spyp Sigma70 -50.0 -113.0 spy
gttttttacaCTTTCATTGTTTTACcgttgctctg
 1825731 1825745 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [3], [7], [21], [22]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator tomBp1 Sigma70 -50.0 -136.0 tomB, hha
cttcctaattGTAATTTTTCGTAATaatgcgatga
 480837 480851 [BPP], [HIBSCS] [3]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor tsrp1 Sigma70 -9.0 -254.0 tsr
ttacgcgcgcGTAAAGTAAGGTAAAtaactgagtg
 4591396 4591410 [BPP] [6]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated repressor ungp nd -81.0 -97.0 ung
attttaccaaTTTACATTTTTTTGCactcgtttaa
 2716650 2716664 [BCE], [BPP] [23]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yccAp Sigma70 -53.0 -78.0 yccA
gatcaaatgcGTAAAGATGGGTAAAacttctgggt
 1031489 1031503 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [3], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator ycfSp Sigma70 -53.5 -96.5 ldtC
atctgcaacaTTTACAAATTCTTTGCacttccctgc
 1170463 1170478 [BPP], [HIBSCS] [3]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yebEp Sigma70 -44.0 -69.0 yebE
ttgcgcatctTTTGTCTCGATATACattttctgac
 1929769 1929783 [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [3], [7]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yidQp Sigma24 -254.0 -438.0 yidQ
tagcaatgcgGTAATGGTTTTCGTCTAccagttcaac
 3867282 3867298 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [13]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yidQp Sigma24 -176.0 -360.0 yidQ
tttctaagtgGTTAAACAAACGGTCAAatccaatagc
 3867360 3867376 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [13]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yidQp Sigma24 -143.5 -327.5 yidQ
tagcagaacgGTAAAGCGGGGATAAAtcaaagttac
 3867393 3867408 [GEA], [HIBSCS] [13]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yqaEp nd -48.0 -105.0 yqaE, kbp
cctcagcagcGTAAATGAGAGTAAAagcgtaagct
 2797126 2797140 [AIBSCS], [BPP], [GEA], [HIBSCS] [7], [11], [14]
  CpxR-Phosphorylated activator yqjAp1 Sigma70 -47.0 -272.0 yqjA, mzrA
agtataaagtGTCAGCCTGTGTAAAtcctctcgcc
 3247494 3247508 [BPP], [HIBSCS] [3]


Alignment and PSSM for CpxR TFBSs    

Aligned TFBS of CpxR   
  Sequence
  TGACGGTAATTTAC
  TTGTTCGTCTTTAC
  TTACCAGGTTTTAC
  GGTGATCTCTTTAC
  TTTCAGTGCTTTAC
  CAACGCTTAGTTTA
  TTACGAAAAATTAC
  AAACGGGGTTTTAC
  TTTTTCTTTTTGAA
  TTACTTTTGGTTAC
  TTACGGAATATTAC
  TATCTGTTTGTTAA
  TTACCCATCTTTAC
  TTTTATAAACATTC
  TTACATCTGATTTC
  TTACAAATCTTAAA
  AGTTACATGTTTAA
  TATTAAAATGTTAA
  TTTTATTAAGTTTA
  TTTTCTATCATTTC
  TTGGTTTTTATTGC
  TTGCACAATTTTAA
  TGGTGATAACTTAC
  ATATGCATTATTAG
  GGACAATTTTTTAC
  TAACGCTGCGTTAC
  TTACAAATTCTTTG
  TGACTTATACTTGC
  TTTCATAGAAATCC
  TTTCATTGTTTTAC
  TTGTCTCGATATAC
  TTACGTCTTTTTAC
  TTATATATTTTTAC
  TAACGCGTAGATAA
  AGACGATTCCAGAC
  ATTTACATTTTGAA
  TTATTTCGCCATTC
  TTACCCTTCTTTAC
  TTACATTAACTGAC
  TGACCAAAGAATAC
  ATGCCCTTTTATAC
  TTACGGAACTTTAC
  TTACATTTTTTTGC
  TTACGGCGTTTTGC
  TTAGGTGAAGAGGC
  TTTGTTGCCTTTAC
  TTTCGCCGCTTTAC
  TTACACAGGCTGAC
  TTACCTAATTTTAC
  CGGTAATGGTTTTC
  TGACCGTTTGTTTA
  TATCCCCGCTTTAC
  TTACAAGCTTTTAC
  TTACGTTGTTTTAC
  TGACGCATGTTTGC
  TATCGTTGAATCGC
  TTACGCGTTTTTAC
  TTACCTTACTTTAC

Position weight matrix (PWM).    
A	6	8	35	0	20	11	20	14	13	9	9	1	41	11
C	2	0	0	40	11	17	8	2	15	8	0	1	1	45
G	2	11	7	4	19	8	8	15	7	9	0	6	7	2
T	48	39	16	14	8	22	22	27	23	32	49	50	9	0

PWM logo   


 


Evolutionary conservation of regulatory elements    
     Note: Evolutionary conservation of regulatory interactions and promoters is limited to gammaproteobacteria.
TF-target gene evolutionary conservation
Promoter-target gene evolutionary conservation


Evidence    

 [BPP] Binding of purified proteins

 [IPI] Inferred from physical interaction

 [GEA] Gene expression analysis

 [IC] Inferred by curator

 [HIBSCS] Human inference based on similarity to consensus sequences

 [ICA] Inferred by computational analysis

 [AIBSCS] Automated inference based on similarity to consensus sequences

 [SM] Site mutation

 [IGI] Inferred from genetic interaction

 [BCE] Binding of cellular extracts


Reference(s)    

 [1] Pogliano J., Lynch AS., Belin D., Lin EC., Beckwith J., 1997, Regulation of Escherichia coli cell envelope proteins involved in protein folding and degradation by the Cpx two-component system., Genes Dev. 11(9):1169-82

 [2] Yamamoto K., Hirao K., Oshima T., Aiba H., Utsumi R., Ishihama A., 2005, Functional characterization in vitro of all two-component signal transduction systems from Escherichia coli., J Biol Chem. 280(2):1448-56

 [3] Yamamoto K., Ishihama A., 2006, Characterization of copper-inducible promoters regulated by CpxA/CpxR in Escherichia coli., Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 70(7):1688-95

 [4] Hirakawa H., Inazumi Y., Masaki T., Hirata T., Yamaguchi A., 2005, Indole induces the expression of multidrug exporter genes in Escherichia coli., Mol Microbiol. 55(4):1113-26

 [5] De Wulf P., McGuire AM., Liu X., Lin EC., 2002, Genome-wide profiling of promoter recognition by the two-component response regulator CpxR-P in Escherichia coli., J Biol Chem. 277(29):26652-61

 [6] De Wulf P., Kwon O., Lin EC., 1999, The CpxRA signal transduction system of Escherichia coli: growth-related autoactivation and control of unanticipated target operons., J Bacteriol. 181(21):6772-8

 [7] Raivio TL., Leblanc SK., Price NL., 2013, The Escherichia coli Cpx envelope stress response regulates genes of diverse function that impact antibiotic resistance and membrane integrity., J Bacteriol. 195(12):2755-67

 [8] Prigent-Combaret C., Brombacher E., Vidal O., Ambert A., Lejeune P., Landini P., Dorel C., 2001, Complex regulatory network controls initial adhesion and biofilm formation in Escherichia coli via regulation of the csgD gene., J Bacteriol. 183(24):7213-23

 [9] Ogasawara H., Yamada K., Kori A., Yamamoto K., Ishihama A., 2010, Regulation of the Escherichia coli csgD promoter: interplay between five transcription factors., Microbiology. 156(Pt 8):2470-83

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 [18] Dartigalongue C., Raina S., 1998, A new heat-shock gene, ppiD, encodes a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase required for folding of outer membrane proteins in Escherichia coli., EMBO J. 17(14):3968-80

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