RegulonDB RegulonDB 11.1: Gene Form
   

leuA gene in Escherichia coli K-12 genome


Gene local context to scale (view description)

leuA leuC leuB leuL Cis-reg; leader anti-anti-terminator anti-terminator terminator TSS_145 TSS_145 TSS_144 (cluster) TSS_144 (cluster) TSS_143 TSS_143 TSS_142 TSS_142 TSS_141 (cluster) TSS_141 (cluster) TSS_140 TSS_140 TSS_139 TSS_139 TSS_138 TSS_138 TSS_137 TSS_137 TSS_136 TSS_136 TSS_135 TSS_135 TSS_134 (cluster) TSS_134 (cluster) TSS_133 TSS_133 TSS_132 TSS_132 TSS_131 (cluster) TSS_131 (cluster) TSS_130 TSS_130 TSS_129 TSS_129 TSS_128 TSS_128 TSS_127 TSS_127 TSS_126 TSS_126 TSS_125 TSS_125 TSS_124 TSS_124 leuDp4 leuDp4

Gene      
Name: leuA    Texpresso search in the literature
Synonym(s): ECK0076, EG11226, b0074
Genome position(nucleotides): 81958 <-- 83529
Strand: reverse
Sequence: Get nucleotide sequence FastaFormat
GC content %:  
 52.99
External database links:  
ASAP:
 ABE-0000267
CGSC:
 572
ECHOBASE:
 EB1208
ECOLIHUB:
 leuA
MIM:
 246450
OU-MICROARRAY:
 b0074
STRING:
 511145.b0074
COLOMBOS: leuA


Product      
Name: 2-isopropylmalate synthase
Synonym(s): LeuA
Sequence: Get amino acid sequence Fasta Format
Cellular location: cytosol
Molecular weight: 57.298
Isoelectric point: 5.486
Motif(s):
 
Type Positions Sequence Comment
2 -> 523 SQQVIIFDTTLRDGEQALQASLSVKEKLQIALALERMGVDVMEVGFPVSSPGDFESVQTIARQVKNSRVCALARCVEKDIDVAAESLKVAEAFRIHTFIATSPMHIATKLRSTLDEVIERAIYMVKRARNYTDDVEFSCEDAGRTPIADLARVVEAAINAGATTINIPDTVGYTMPFEFAGIISGLYERVPNIDKAIISVHTHDDLGLAVGNSLAAVHAGARQVEGAMNGIGERAGNCSLEEVIMAIKVRKDILNVHTAINHQEIWRTSQLVSQICNMPIPANKAIVGSGAFAHSSGIHQDGVLKNRENYEIMTPESIGLNQIQLNLTSRSGRAAVKHRMDEMGYKESEYNLDNLYDAFLKLADKKGQVFDYDLEALAFIGKQQEEPEHFRLDYFSVQSGSNDIATAAVKLACGEEVKAEAANGNGPVDAVYQAINRITEYNVELVKYSLTAKGHGKDALGQVDIVANYNGRRFHGVGLATDIVESSAKAMVHVLNNIWRAAEVEKELQRKAQHNENNKETV UniProt: 2-isopropylmalate synthase.
4 -> 273 QVIIFDTTLRDGEQALQASLSVKEKLQIALALERMGVDVMEVGFPVSSPGDFESVQTIARQVKNSRVCALARCVEKDIDVAAESLKVAEAFRIHTFIATSPMHIATKLRSTLDEVIERAIYMVKRARNYTDDVEFSCEDAGRTPIADLARVVEAAINAGATTINIPDTVGYTMPFEFAGIISGLYERVPNIDKAIISVHTHDDLGLAVGNSLAAVHAGARQVEGAMNGIGERAGNCSLEEVIMAIKVRKDILNVHTAINHQEIWRTSQLV
5 -> 267 VIIFDTTLRDGEQALQASLSVKEKLQIALALERMGVDVMEVGFPVSSPGDFESVQTIARQVKNSRVCALARCVEKDIDVAAESLKVAEAFRIHTFIATSPMHIATKLRSTLDEVIERAIYMVKRARNYTDDVEFSCEDAGRTPIADLARVVEAAINAGATTINIPDTVGYTMPFEFAGIISGLYERVPNIDKAIISVHTHDDLGLAVGNSLAAVHAGARQVEGAMNGIGERAGNCSLEEVIMAIKVRKDILNVHTAINHQEIW UniProt: Pyruvate carboxyltransferase.
369 -> 499 QVFDYDLEALAFIGKQQEEPEHFRLDYFSVQSGSNDIATAAVKLACGEEVKAEAANGNGPVDAVYQAINRITEYNVELVKYSLTAKGHGKDALGQVDIVANYNGRRFHGVGLATDIVESSAKAMVHVLNNI

 
Classification:
Multifun Terms (GenProtEC)  
  1 - metabolism --> 1.5 - biosynthesis of building blocks --> 1.5.1 - amino acids --> 1.5.1.19 - leucine
Gene Ontology Terms (GO)  
cellular_component GO:0005829 - cytosol
molecular_function GO:0003824 - catalytic activity
GO:0016740 - transferase activity
GO:0046912 - acyltransferase, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer
GO:0003852 - 2-isopropylmalate synthase activity
biological_process GO:0019752 - carboxylic acid metabolic process
GO:0008652 - cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
GO:0009082 - branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic process
GO:0009098 - leucine biosynthetic process
Note(s): Note(s): ...[more].
Reference(s): [1] Calvo JM., et al., 1962
[2] Davis MG., et al., 1977
[3] Kyle Bennett R., et al., 2021
[4] Ma B., et al., 2017
[5] Oh MK., et al., 2000
[6] Park JH., et al., 2007
[7] Shen CR., et al., 2011
[8] Storms RK., et al., 1981
[9] Weichart D., et al., 2003
[10] Yura T., et al., 1992
External database links:  
ALPHAFOLD:
 P09151
DIP:
 DIP-6851N
ECOCYC:
 2-ISOPROPYLMALATESYN-MONOMER
ECOLIWIKI:
 b0074
INTERPRO:
 IPR013785
INTERPRO:
 IPR036230
INTERPRO:
 IPR013709
INTERPRO:
 IPR005671
INTERPRO:
 IPR002034
INTERPRO:
 IPR000891
MODBASE:
 P09151
PFAM:
 PF08502
PFAM:
 PF00682
PRIDE:
 P09151
PRODB:
 PRO_000023081
PROSITE:
 PS00816
PROSITE:
 PS50991
PROSITE:
 PS00815
REFSEQ:
 NP_414616
SMART:
 SM00917
SMR:
 P09151
UNIPROT:
 P09151


Operon      
Name: leuLABCD         
Operon arrangement:
Transcription unit        Promoter
leuL
leuLABCD
leuLABCD


Transcriptional Regulation      
Display Regulation             
Activated by: LeuO


RNA cis-regulatory element    
Attenuation: Transcriptional


Elements in the selected gene context region unrelated to any object in RegulonDB      

  Type Name Post Left Post Right Strand Notes Evidence (Confirmed, Strong, Weak) References
  promoter leuDp4 79594 reverse nd [COMP-AINF] [11]
  promoter TSS_124 79955 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_125 80236 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_126 80442 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_127 80589 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_128 80670 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_129 81214 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_130 81440 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_131 (cluster) 81452 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_132 81559 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_133 82058 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_134 (cluster) 82082 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_135 82123 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_136 82207 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_137 82255 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_138 82361 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_139 82593 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_140 82671 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_141 (cluster) 82704 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_142 83028 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_143 83030 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_144 (cluster) 83034 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]
  promoter TSS_145 83349 reverse nd [RS-EPT-CBR] [12]


Evidence    

 [COMP-AINF] Inferred computationally without human oversight

 [RS-EPT-CBR] RNA-seq using two enrichment strategies for primary transcripts and consistent biological replicates


Reference(s)    

 [1] Calvo JM., Kalyanpur MG., Stevens CM., 1962, 2-Isopropylmalate and 3-isopropylmalate as intermediates in leucine biosynthesis., Biochemistry 1:1157-61

 [2] Davis MG., Calvo JM., 1977, Isolation and characterization of lambda pleu bacteriophages., J Bacteriol 129(2):1078-90

 [3] Kyle Bennett R., Agee A., Har JRG., von Hagel B., Antoniewicz MR., Papoutsakis ET., 2021, Regulatory interventions improve the biosynthesis of limiting amino acids from methanol carbon to improve synthetic methylotrophy in Escherichia coli., Biotechnol Bioeng 118(1):43-57

 [4] Ma B., Shen J., Yindeeyoungyeon W., Ruan Y., 2017, A Novel Antibiotic Mechanism of l-Cyclopropylalanine Blocking the Biosynthetic Pathway of Essential Amino Acid l-Leucine., Molecules 22(12)

 [5] Oh MK., Liao JC., 2000, DNA microarray detection of metabolic responses to protein overproduction in Escherichia coli., Metab Eng 2(3):201-9

 [6] Park JH., Lee KH., Kim TY., Lee SY., 2007, Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of L-valine based on transcriptome analysis and in silico gene knockout simulation., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(19):7797-802

 [7] Shen CR., Liao JC., 2011, A synthetic iterative pathway for ketoacid elongation., Methods Enzymol 497:469-81

 [8] Storms RK., Holowachuck EW., Friesen JD., 1981, Genetic complementation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae leu2 gene by the Escherichia coli leuB gene., Mol Cell Biol 1(9):836-42

 [9] Weichart D., Querfurth N., Dreger M., Hengge-Aronis R., 2003, Global role for ClpP-containing proteases in stationary-phase adaptation of Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 185(1):115-25

 [10] Yura T., Mori H., Nagai H., Nagata T., Ishihama A., Fujita N., Isono K., Mizobuchi K., Nakata A., 1992, Systematic sequencing of the Escherichia coli genome: analysis of the 0-2.4 min region., Nucleic Acids Res 20(13):3305-8

 [11] Huerta AM., Collado-Vides J., 2003, Sigma70 promoters in Escherichia coli: specific transcription in dense regions of overlapping promoter-like signals., J Mol Biol 333(2):261-78

 [12] Salgado H, Peralta-Gil M, Gama-Castro S, Santos-Zavaleta A, Muñiz-Rascado L, García-Sotelo JS, Weiss V, Solano-Lira H, Martínez-Flores I, Medina-Rivera A, Salgado-Osorio G, Alquicira-Hernández S, Alquicira-Hernández K, López-Fuentes A, Porrón-Sotelo L, Huerta AM, Bonavides-Martínez C, Balderas-Martínez YI, Pannier L, Olvera M, Labastida A, Jiménez-Jacinto V, Vega-Alvarado L, Del Moral-Chávez V, Hernández-Alvarez A, Morett E, Collado-Vides J., 2012, RegulonDB v8.0: omics data sets, evolutionary conservation, regulatory phrases, cross-validated gold standards and more., Nucleic Acids Res.

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