RegulonDB

Gene
Name:	marA
Synonym(s):	ECK1524, EG11434, b1531, cfxB, inaR, nfxC, norB, soxQ
Genome position(nucleotides):	1619574 --> 1619957
Strand:	forward
Sequence:	Get nucleotide sequence FastaFormat
GC content %:	45.83
Note(s):	Sodium salicylate (NaSal), acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), acetaminophen (APAP), and ibuprofen contribute to antibiotic resistance by inducing the expression of both marA and acrB genes Verma T, Bhaskarla C, Sadhir I, Sreedharan S, Nandi D,2018 The induction by NaSal, ASA, and APAP is relatively higher and is partly dependent on marA, whereas ibuprofen, which induces lower antibiotic resistance, shows complete marA dependence. NaSal, ASA, APAP, and ibuprofen induce antibiotic resistance in an acrB-dependent manner Verma T, Bhaskarla C, Sadhir I, Sreedharan S, Nandi D,2018
External database links:

ASAP:	ABE-0005112
CGSC:	18172
ECHOBASE:	EB1404
ECOLIHUB:	marA
OU-MICROARRAY:	b1531
STRING:	511145.b1531
COLOMBOS:	marA

Product

Name:

DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator MarA

Synonym(s):

CfxB, InaR, MarA, NfxC, NorB, SoxQ

Sequence:

Get amino acid sequence Fasta Format

Regulator Family:

AraC/XylS

Cellular location:

cytosol

Molecular weight:

15.184

Isoelectric point:

9.78

Motif(s):

Type	Positions	Sequence	Comment
	12 -> 110	HSILDWIEDNLESPLSLEKVSERSGYSKWHLQRMFKKETGHSLGQYIRSRKMTEIAQKLKESNEPILYLAERYGFESQQTLTRTFKNYFDVPPHKYRMT	UniProt: HTH araC/xylS-type.
	29 -> 50	EKVSERSGYSKWHLQRMFKKET	UniProt: H-T-H motif.
	32 -> 108	SERSGYSKWHLQRMFKKETGHSLGQYIRSRKMTEIAQKLKESNEPILYLAERYGFESQQTLTRTFKNYFDVPPHKYR
	77 -> 100	ILYLAERYGFESQQTLTRTFKNYF	UniProt: H-T-H motif.

Classification:

Multifun Terms (GenProtEC)
		2 - information transfer --> 2.2 - RNA related --> 2.2.2 - Transcription related
		3 - regulation --> 3.1 - type of regulation --> 3.1.2 - transcriptional level --> 3.1.2.2 - activator
		3 - regulation --> 3.1 - type of regulation --> 3.1.2 - transcriptional level --> 3.1.2.3 - repressor
		3 - regulation --> 3.3 - genetic unit regulated --> 3.3.1 - operon
		5 - cell processes --> 5.6 - protection --> 5.6.2 - detoxification
		5 - cell processes --> 5.6 - protection --> 5.6.4 - drug resistance/sensitivity
Gene Ontology Terms (GO)
	cellular_component	GO:0005829 - cytosol
	molecular_function	GO:0003677 - DNA binding GO:0003700 - DNA-binding transcription factor activity GO:0043565 - sequence-specific DNA binding
	biological_process	GO:0006355 - regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045892 - negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045893 - positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0046677 - response to antibiotic

Note(s):

Note(s): ...[more].

Evidence:

[EXP] Inferred from experiment

Reference(s):

[1] Alon Cudkowicz N., et al., 2019
[2] Cohen SP., et al., 1993
[3] Gambino L., et al., 1993
[4] Jair KW., et al., 1995
[5] Jindal S., et al., 2019
[6] Pu Y., et al., 2016

External database links:

ALPHAFOLD:

DIP:

ECOCYC:

ECOLIWIKI:

INTERPRO:

INTERPRO:

INTERPRO:

MODBASE:

PDB:

PDB:

PFAM:

PRIDE:

PRODB:

PROSITE:

PROSITE:

REFSEQ:

SMART:

SMR:

UNIPROT:

Transcriptional Regulation
	Display Regulation
Activated by:	CRP, MarA, CpxR, Rob, SoxS, Fis
Repressed by:	Cra, MarR, AcrR

Regulation by small RNA
	Display Regulation
small RNA	fnrS, ryhB

Reference(s)
[1] Alon Cudkowicz N., Schuldiner S., 2019, Deletion of the major Escherichia coli multidrug transporter AcrB reveals transporter plasticity and redundancy in bacterial cells., PLoS One 14(6):e0218828
[2] Cohen SP., Hachler H., Levy SB., 1993, Genetic and functional analysis of the multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) locus in Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 175(5):1484-92
[3] Gambino L., Gracheck SJ., Miller PF., 1993, Overexpression of the MarA positive regulator is sufficient to confer multiple antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli., J Bacteriol 175(10):2888-94
[4] Jair KW., Martin RG., Rosner JL., Fujita N., Ishihama A., Wolf RE., 1995, Purification and regulatory properties of MarA protein, a transcriptional activator of Escherichia coli multiple antibiotic and superoxide resistance promoters., J Bacteriol 177(24):7100-4
[5] Jindal S., Yang L., Day PJ., Kell DB., 2019, Involvement of multiple influx and efflux transporters in the accumulation of cationic fluorescent dyes by Escherichia coli., BMC Microbiol 19(1):195
[6] Pu Y., Zhao Z., Li Y., Zou J., Ma Q., Zhao Y., Ke Y., Zhu Y., Chen H., Baker MAB., Ge H., Sun Y., Xie XS., Bai F., 2016, Enhanced Efflux Activity Facilitates Drug Tolerance in Dormant Bacterial Cells., Mol Cell 62(2):284-294